Geomorphology: Geomorphology is the study of landforms and landscapes, and the processes that create and modify them. Geomorphologists are interested in a wide range of topics, including: Factors controlling landform development: This includes the role of tectonic forces, weathering and erosion, and deposition. Endogenetic and exogenetic forces: Endogenetic forces are forces that originate within the Earth, such as plate tectonics and volcanism. Exogenetic forces are forces that originate outside the Earth, such as wind, water, and ice. Origin and evolution of the Earth's crusts: This includes the study of the different types of crusts, how they formed, and how they have changed over time. Fundamentals of geomagnetism: This includes the study of the Earth's magnetic field and how it has changed over time. Physical conditions of the Earth's interior: This includes the study of the Earth's core, mantle, and crust, and the processes that occur within them. Geosynclines:
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